Optical instrument.



No. 812,464. PATENTED FEB. 13, 1906. A; SWASEY L G. L. FEGKERa OPTICAL INSTRUMENT.

APPLIGATION FILED Nov. 3.1905.

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No. 812,464. u PATENTED FEB. 13y 1906. A. SWASBY & G. L. FEGKER.

OPTICAL INSTRUMENT.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 3 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

AMBROSE SVVASEY AND GOTTLIEB L. FECKER, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNORS TO THE WARNER & SWASEY COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND,

OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

OPTICAL lNs'rRUMENT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 13, 1906.

To all whom, t may concern.'

Be it known that we, AMBRosE SwAsnY and GoTTLiEB L. Firemen, residing at Cleve.- land, in the county of Cuyahoga and State oi Ohio, citizens of the United States, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Optical Instruments, of which the following is a speciiication. i

This invention relates to optical instruments, such as telescopes, and has for its object to provide means for removably supporting the optical elements, such as lenses or prisms, which will be precisionized when placed in position or replaced after removal lor inspection and cleaning.

The invention is particularly advantageous 'for use in telescopes using Porro prisms for deliecting the rays in order to shorten the actual distance o'll the 'focal line between the eyepiece and objective.

The invention includes a member removably attached to the instrument, which meniber carries the optical elements rigidly secured thereto independently of the instru- 'ment-body, so that the removal of the member will remove the elements without aiiecting their position in this member, and whereby upon replacement of the member the optical elements will be returned to their exact former position and be thereby properly precisionized, and by providing duplicate members the optical elements can be quickly substituted in case of injury.

In the drawings illustrating one embodiinent of the invention, Figure 1 is a side elevation, the intermediate portion showing the tube partly in vertical section and showing the arrangement of the optical elements. Fig. 2 is a side elevation with the holder removed. Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the holder and prisms partly broken away to' show the interior arrangement. Fig. 5 is a iront elevation of the holder, and Fig. 6 is a rear elevation of the saine. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the holder from the opposite side to that shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 8 shows the piece for securing one prism, and Fig. 9 is a plan view of the instrument with the end portions broken away.

In the drawings the body of the telescope comprises a tubular portion 12, connected with a tubular portion 13, carrying the eyelindrically-segnieiital plate 18, having a' anged end portion 19 arranged to engage the rear face 16 of the eyepiece and having its opposite iiat end 2() arranged parallel to the face 1Q and arranged to snugly engage the inner face ot the wall 15. The straight edges 21 and 22 on opposite sides of this segment 18 engage the two edges 17 of the part 14, these four engaging faces of the member serving to close the opening into the body.

The segment 18 of the holder has a transverse member extending into the telescope on which the prisms are solely supportedso that the removal of the holder will c arry with it the prisms, and its replacement in its former position will return the prismsto their precise former position. The holder is shown as provided with an intermediate transverse wall 23, somewhat triangular in contour and which may be formed integral with the segment 18 of the holder. The irregular part 14 is offset at one side at 24 to accommodate the projecting side of the wall 23, and this side of the segment 18 is similarly extended, as indicated in the plan view of Fig. 9. The wall 23 when the holder is placed in the telescope-body engages the portion 14 at its upper part, at which portion a fasteningscrew 25 passes through the body into the wall 23. On the opposite side the wall 23 engages tlie upper portion of the part 14 and is there secured by means of the screw 26 passing through the body and tapped into the wall 23. The lower portion of the wall 23 between these places of attachment may be oilset from the part 14, as indicated in Fig. 3. Additional means of rigidly securing the holder in position may be used by securing the adjacent parallel walls of' the part 18. The screw 27 passes through an aperture in the transverse wall 15 and is tapped into the rear face of the plate 18, While at the front of the part 18 screws 28 pass through apertures 29 in the iianged portion 19 of the IOC v merly, and other holdes carrying adjusted pris'ms can be substituted quickly when necessary by breakage.

Where Porro prisms, such as 30 and 31, are used, they are secured to opposite sides of the wall 23 and set at a right angle with each other. This wall 23 is provided with three openin s, one of them, 32, at the upper part of the wa l being in alinement with the aXis of the eyepiece 13. Another aperture 33 at the lower part of the wall is in alinement with the aXis of the portion 12 of the telescope-body,

'while a third aperture 34 is arranged to one side of the two apertures, the lines joining its center with those of the other two apertures, forming a right angle. The prism 30 has its base covering the apertures 32 and 34, and the wall 23 is preferably channeled to form a recess in which the base of the prism is seated. To secure the prism in such recess, a strip 35 has its ends inserted in two slots 36, one on each side of the rear portion of the plate 18 adjacent its lower edges. The ends of the plate are slid into these slots from below, and A its middle portion engages the ridge of the prism and secures it in position. The other prism is similarly seated in a recess that includes the openings 33 and 34 on the opposite face of the supporting-wall 23. This prism is secured in position by means of a spring-plate 37, screwed fast to the end of a post 38, projecting forward from the Wall 23. The arrangement of these twol prisms will cause the rays of light entering the tubular portion 12 to be deflected four times and directed into the eyepiece 13 in the well-known manner, which is indicatedby broken lines in Fig. 1. It will thus be seen that each of the prisms is rigidly secured to the holder, the forward prism being carried entirely by the wall 23, while the other prism is clamped between the -wall and the rear portion of the segment. By

removing the live securing-screws the holder can be removed from the body for inspection or cleansing of the prisms, and when replaced in position they will be precisionized by means j of the parallel walls of the segment 18 engaging opposite parallel Walls of the body portion, as well as by the enga ement of the side edges of the segment with t e edges 17 of the intermediate part of the body.

By reason of the arrangement and form of the engaging walls or faces of the body portion and holder and by reason of the method of removably securing the holder on which the optical elements are solely carried in the body of the instrument we are enabled to have duplicate holders carry the same form of optical elements for substitution should they become damaged, which is a very advantageous feature in military or naval affairs.

Furthermore, different forms of optical elements can be mounted on these holders, and

thus the operation of the instrument varied.

What we claim is- 1. In an optical instrument, a body portion provided with an opening and having opposite transverse walls, a holder having opgitudinal walls connecting the transverse walls, a holder arranged to close sai d opening and having its opposite end portions arranged to engage said opposite transverse walls of the opening, the holder having longitudinal edges connecting said walls on each side arranged to abut said longitudinal edges of the body portion, fastening means arranged to removably secure said holder in position with Said edges in engagement, and optical elements carried by the holder and precisionized by said fastening means.

3. In an optical instrument, a tubular body portion offset to form two parts having parallel axes, the body portion being provided with an opening at the offset part having opposite transverse walls disposed parallel and also having longitudinal walls connecting the transverse walls, a holder having its opposite end portions arranged to engage said transverse Walls of the body portion, and also having longitudinal edges on each side arranged to abut said longitudinal edges of the body portion, fastening means arranged to removably secure the holder With said end portions and said longitudinaly edges in engagement,

IOO

and optical elements carried by the holder and precisioni Zed by said fastening means.

4. An optical instrument having a tubular body portion offset to form two parts having parallel aXes, the body portion being provided with an opening at the offset part having opposite transverse walls, and a holder carrying optical elements and removably secured to the body at such opening, the holder having two faces engaging said opposite walls in the body to precisionize the optical elements in alinement with said aXes respectively.

5. An optical instrument having a tubular body portion oifset to form two parts having parallel axes, the body portion being provided With an opening at the oiset part having opposite transverse walls disposed parallel, and a holder carrying optical elements and removably secured in the body at such opening, the holder having opposite parallel sides engaging said opposite walls in the body IIO to precisionize the optical elements in alinement with said axes respectively.

6. In an optical instrument, a body portion provided with an opening having opposite transverse walls, a holder having a segmental portion arranged to closev said opening and provided with opposite transverse walls engaging said walls ofthe body, a transverse wall carried by the segmental portion and extending into the body, fastening means between said engaging portions of the holder and body, and prisms carried solely by said holder portion and precisionized in the instrument by said engagement of the holder and body.

7. In an optical instrument, a body portion provided with an opening having opposite transverse walls, a holder having a segmental portion arranged to close said opening and provided with opposite transverse walls engaging said walls of the body, a transverse wall carried by the segmental portion of the holder and extending into the body, fastening means between said engaging portions of the holder and body, and prisms carried on opposite sides of said wall and precisionized in the instrument by said engagement of the holder and body.

S. In an optical instrument, a body portion provided with an opening having opposite transverse walls, a holder having a segmental portion arranged to close said opening and provided with opposite transverse walls engaging said walls of the body, a transverse wall carried by the segmental portion of the holder and extending into the body and engaging its inner face, fastening means between said engaging portions of the segment and body, fastening means between the body and transverse wall of the holder, and prisms carried solely by said holder portions and precisionized in the instrument by said engagement of the holder and body.

9. In an optical instrument, a body portion provided with an opening having opposite transverse walls, and also having longitudinal walls connecting the transverse walls, a holder having a segmental part arranged to close said opening and having its opposite end portions arranged to engage said opposite transverse walls of the opening, the segmental part having longitudinal edges on each side arranged to abut said longitudinal edges of the body-opening, fastening means securing said holder to the body, a transverse wall on the segmental part of the holder extending into the body and having three openings therein, the wall having a recess in one face including two of such openings, a prism seated in such recessed portion, apost secured to such wall, a strip secured to such post and retaining said prism in position, a recess on the opposite face of the wall including two of said openings, a prism seated in the latter recess, and a strip having its ends secured in the segmental part and retaining the latter prism in position.

AMBROSE SASEY. GOTTLIEB L. FECKER. Witnesses L. B. STAUFFER, F. H. Rien. 

